~Teachingcenter的醫學筆記~

與人類癌症有關的抑癌基因Selected Tumor Suppressor Genes Involved in Human Neoplasms

Cell Surface

• TGF-β receptor
  1. Function
     .Growth inhibition
  2. Tumors Associated with Somatic Mutations
     .Carcinomas of colon
  3. Tumors Associated with Inherited Mutations
     .Unknown
• E-cadherin
  1. Function
     .Cell adhesion
  2. Tumors Associated with Somatic Mutations
     .Carcinoma of stomach
  3. Tumors Associated with Inherited Mutations
     .Familial gastric cancer

Inner Aspect of Plasma Membrane

• NF1
  1. Function
     .Inhibition of RAS signal transduction and of p21 cell cycle inhibitor
  2. Tumors Associated with Somatic Mutations
     .Neuroblastomas
  3. Tumors Associated with Inherited Mutations
     .Neurofibromatosis type 1 and sarcomas

Cytoskeleton

• NF2
  1. Function
     .Cytoskeletal stability
  2. Tumors Associated with Somatic Mutations
     .Schwannomas and meningiomas
  3. Tumors Associated with Inherited Mutations
     .Neurofibromatosis type 2, acoustic schwannomas, and meningiomas

Cytosol

• APC/β-catenin
  1. Function
     .Inhibition of signal transduction
  2. Tumors Associated with Somatic Mutations
     .Carcinomas of stomach, colon, pancreas, melanoma
  3. Tumors Associated with Inherited Mutations
     .Familial adenomatous polyposis coli/colon cancer
• PTEN, protein: phosphatase and tensin homolog
  1. Function
     .PI3 kinase signal transduction
  2. Tumors Associated with Somatic Mutations
     .Endometrial and prostate cancers
  3. Tumors Associated with Inherited Mutations
     .Cowden syndrome
• SMAD2 and SMAD4
  1. Function
     . TGF-β signal transduction
  2. Tumors Associated with Somatic Mutations
     .Colon, pancreatic tumors
  3. Tumors Associated with Inherited Mutations
     .Unknown

Nucleus

• RB1
  1. Function
     .Regulation of cell cycle
  2. Tumors Associated with Somatic Mutations
     .Retinoblastoma; osteosarcoma; carcinoma of breast, colon, lung
  3. Tumors Associated with Inherited Mutations
     .Retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma
• p53
  1. Function
     .Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to DNA damage
  2. Tumors Associated with Somatic Mutations
     .Most human cancers
  3. Tumors Associated with Inherited Mutations
     .Li-Fraumeni syndrome, multiple carcinomas and sarcomas
• WT1
  1. Function
     .Nuclear transcription
  2. Tumors Associated with Somatic Mutations
     .Wilm’s tumor
  3. Tumors Associated with Inherited Mutations
     .Wilm’s tumor
• p16/INK4a
  1. Function
     .Regulation of cell cycle by inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases
  2. Tumors Associated with Somatic Mutations
     .Pancreatic, breast, and esophageal tumor
  3. Tumors Associated with Inherited Mutations
     .Malignant melanoma
• BRCA1 and BRCA2
  1. Function
     .DNA repair
  2. Tumors Associated with Somatic Mutations
     .Unknown
  3. Tumors Associated with Inherited Mutations
     .Carcinomas of female breast and ovary, carcinomas of male breast