~Teachingcenter的醫學筆記~

誘發血清素症候群的藥物
Drugs that can precipitate serotonin syndrome

增加血清素的製造(increases serotonin formation)
Tryptophan

增加血清素的釋放(increases release of serotonin)
Amphetamines (including dextroamphetamine, methamphetamine)
Cocaine
MDMA (Ecstasy)
Amphetamine derivatives (including fenfluramine, dexfenfluramine, phentermine)
Levodopa, carbidopa-levodopa (indirectly causes release serotonin)

抑制突觸前神經元將突觸間隙中的血清素再吸收(inhibits reuptake from the synaptic cleft into the presynaptic neuron)
Cocaine
MDMA (Ecstasy)
Meperidine
Tramadol
Pentazocine
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs; including citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, and sertraline)
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs; including desvenlafaxine, duloxetine, milnacipran, and venlafaxine)
Dopamine-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (including bupropion)
Serotonin modulators (including nefazodone, trazodone, and vilazodone)
Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs; including amitriptyline, amoxapine, clomipramine, desipramine, doxepin, imipramine, maprotiline, nortriptyline, protriptyline, trimipramine)
St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum)
5-HT3 receptor antagonists (including dolasetron, granisetron, ondansetron, palonosetron)
Metoclopramide
Valproate
Carbamazepine
Sibutramine
Dextromethorphan
Cyclobenzaprine
 

抑制血清素的分解(inhibits serotonin metabolism (ie, inhibits monoamine oxidase activity))
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs; including phenelzine, tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid, moclobemide, safinamide, selegiline, rasagiline, linezolid, tedizolid, methylene blue, procarbazine, Syrian rue [Peganum harmala, harmine])

直接為血清素受體促效劑(direct serotonin agonist)
Buspirone
Triptans (including sumatriptan, rizatriptan, others)
Ergot derivatives (including ergotamine, methylergonovine)
Fentanyl
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)

增加突觸後受體的敏感性(increases sensitivity of postsynaptic receptor)
Lithium