~Teachingcenter的醫學筆記~

1. 何時要特別小心可能是acute lymphoblastic leukemia
-約有一半的ALL會有這5個特徵：palpable liver, palpable spleen, pallor, fever, or bruising
-持續無法消退的leukocytosis或一般感冒症狀(發燒、頭昏、全身無力痠痛、寒顫冷汗等)，小男生可能會睪丸腫大
-Lympadenopathy：
  ●Epitrochlear nodes are enlarged if they are >5 mm.
  ●Inguinal nodes are enlarged if they are >15 mm in greatest diameter.
  ●Cervical nodes are enlarged if they are >20 mm.

2. 病理分類French-American-British (FAB) system
-L1 lymphoblasts are small cells with scant cytoplasm, condensed nuclear chromatin, and indistinct nucleoli. FAB L1佔約85~89%。
-L2 lymphoblasts are larger cells with a moderate amount of cytoplasm, dispersed chromatin, and multiple nucleoli. FAB L2佔約11~14%，預後比FAB L1差一點點。
-L3 lymphoblasts have deep cytoplasmic basophilia with prominent cytoplasmic vacuolation. FAB L3為最嚴重的一個。約1%。
   --The L3 cell usually has mature B cell characteristics
   --It is treated using drugs effective for highly aggressive B cell lymphoma variants (Burkitt lymphoma).