~Teachingcenter的醫學筆記~

一些常見的致癌基因Oncogenes

可以一並參考
腫瘤-基因、遺傳
http://teachingcenter1.pixnet.net/blog/post/354370430
與人類癌症有關的抑癌基因
http://teachingcenter1.pixnet.net/blog/post/354439919

Growth factors

1. PDGF-β chain
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Overexpression of SIS (official name PBGFβ)
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • Astrocytoma
      • Osteosarcoma
2. Fibroblast growth factors
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Overexpression of HST1
      • Amplification of INT2 (official name FGF3)
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • HST1: stomach cancer
      • INT2:
        1. Bladder cancer,
        2. Breast cancer
        3. Melanoma
3. TGF-α
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Overexpression of TGF-α
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • Astrocytoma
      • Hepatocellular carcinoma
4. HGF
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Overexpression of HGF
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • Thyroid cancer

Growth factor receptors

1. EGF-receptor family
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Overexpression of ErbB1 (EGFR) or ErbB2
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • Squamous cell carcinoma of lung
      • Glioma
2. FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Amplification of FLT3
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • Breast cancer
      • Ovarian cancer
3. Receptor for neurotrophic factors
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Point mutation of RET
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • Leukemia
      • Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) 2A and B, familial medullary thyroid carcinoma
4. PDGF receptor
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Overexpression or translocation of PDGFRβ
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • Glioma
      • Leukemia
5. Receptor for stem cell (steel) factor
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Point mutation of KIT
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • Gastrointestinal stromal tumor
      • Seminoma
      • Leukemia

Proteins involved in signal transduction

1. GTP-binding
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Point mutation of KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • KRAS
        1. Colon cancer
        2. Lung cancer
        3. Pancreatic tumor
      • HRAS
        1. Bladder cancer
        2. Kidney tumor
      • NRAS
        1. Melanoma
        2. Hematologic malignancy
2. Nonreceptor tyrosine kinase
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Translocation of ABL
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • Chronic myeloid leukemia
      • Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
3. RAS signal transduction
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Point mutation of BRAF
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • Melanoma
4. WNT signal transduction
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Point mutation or Overexpression of β-catenin
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • Hepatoblastoma
      • Hepatocellular carcinoma

Nuclear regulatory proteins

• Transcriptional activators
  1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
     • Translocation of C-Myc
     • Amplification of N-Myc
     • Amplification of L-Myc
  2. Associated Human Tumor
     • C-Myc: Burkitt lymphoma
     • N-Myc: Neuroblastoma, small cell carcinoma of lung
     • L-Myc: Small cell carcinoma of lung

Cell cycle regulators

1. Cyclins
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Translocation or Amplification of cyclin D
      • Overexpression of cyclin E
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • Cyclin D
        1. Translocation: mantle cell lymphoma
        2. Amplification: breast and esophageal cancer
      • Cyclin E: breast cancer
2. Cyclin-dependent kinase
   1. Proto-oncogene and Mode of Activation
      • Amplification or point mutation of CDK4
   2. Associated Human Tumor
      • Glioblastoma
      • Melanoma
      • Sarcoma